PhD defence: Activity profile and physical demands of ball games for children and adults of both genders
Optimizing intermittent testing protocols
Mads Bendiksen
PhD thesis
“A day without exercise, is a day without meaning”.
Daily exercise is for many people throughout the world what nourishes their lives. For children exercise is an enjoyable and embedded part of daily life, for the teenagers an important way of learning and handling their social relationships, and in the elite adult setting as an essential tool in the pursuit of glory.
Regardless of the aim of physical exercise has character of health or performance, is the intensity and fatigue crucial. To help the understanding of these, it is necessary to be able to test and understand pupils, teenagers and professional soccer player’s physical status.
The present PhD-thesis is based on seven scientific manuscripts, and focus on the physiological responses to a wide variety of exercise, from the 6 yr old pupils participating in a variety of school sports, , via the recreational under 18 yr (U18) teenage female soccer player and to the elite soccer players performing at the top level, and is investigated by numerous blood and muscle samples.
Study 1 investigates the reliability and validity of to intermittens running tests, the Yo-Yo Interval Restitutions test level 1 (YYIR1c) and the Andersen test, as wel as their ability to estimate VO2max in children.
Study 2 investigated the ability of the YYIR1c and the Andersen test to elicit the maximal heart rate (HRmax), as well as, the ability of these tests to detect differences in physical fitness.
Study 3 investigated the intensity in a variety of physical exercise in a PE setting. Moreover was the effect of 6 weeks biweekly 30 min soccer and unihockey intervention investigated.
Study 4 investigated the physiological demands in womens youth soccer, through Time-Motion analysis and heart rate recordings.
Study 5 investigated muscle metabolites, blood variables, and sprint performance during the Copenhagen Soccer Test (CST), and compared this to a competitive match on the same level.
Study 6 investigated the physiological repsonse to Copenhagen Soccer Test for women (CSTw), and compared this to a competitive match on the same level.
Study 7 investigated the reproducibility of the sub-maximal and the maximal version of the Yo-Yo Intermittent Endurance level 2 test (YYIE2), and coherence between this test and match perfomance.
2013, 138 pages,
ISBN 978 87 9177 155 2
Time
10 June 2013 at 14:00
Venue
Store Auditorium, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen.
Opponents
Professor Ylva Hellsten (chair), Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports,
University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Associate Professor Barry Drust, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
Associate Professor Örjan Ekblom, The Swedish School of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Stockholm, Sweden.
Supervisor
Associate Professor Peter Krustrup, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.